A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding, sentence 17

In winter many cows live indoors eating hay and silage because fields are muddy and grass hardly grows, and a milking cow can drink about 50 to 100 litres of water a day.

Who acts: many cows, fields, grass, milking cow · What happens: live, eat, be, grow, drink · To what, where: hay, 50

This is a sentence of the lesson «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many cows, fields, grass, milking cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 winter	case
2	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 live	obl
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cows	amod
4	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 live	nsubj
5	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	indoors	indoors	ADV	_	5 live	advmod
7	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 live	advcl
8	hay	hay	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 eating	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 silage	cc
10	silage	silage	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hay	conj
11	because	because	SCONJ	_	14 muddy	mark
12	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 muddy	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 muddy	cop
14	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 live	advcl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 grows	cc
16	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 grows	nsubj
17	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	18 grows	advmod
18	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 muddy	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 drink	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 drink	cc
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 cow	det
22	milking	milking	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 cow	compound
23	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 drink	nsubj
24	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 drink	aux
25	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 live	conj
26	about	about	ADV	_	27 50	advmod
27	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	25 drink	obl
28	to	to	ADP	_	29 100	case
29	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	30 litres	nummod
30	litres	litre	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 drink	obj
31	of	of	ADP	_	32 water	case
32	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 litres	nmod
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 day	det
34	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 50	nmod:unmarked
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 live	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	many cows		winter	indoors property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	eat	gerund	many cows not said here	hay and silage			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hay=Patient
3	is	present	fields			muddy property	tree rules
4	grow	present	grass			hardly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	drink	can	a milking cow	50 a day			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/17/