Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres, sentence 8
Cows, sheep, goats and pigs walk on two toes, called cloven hooves, with two smaller dewclaws higher up at the back, while a horse walks on one toe on each foot.
Who acts: Cows, two toes, two smaller dewclaws, horse · What happens: walk, call, higher up · To what, where: two toes, cloven hooves, back, one toe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cows, two toes, two smaller dewclaws, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 walk | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sheep | punct |
| 3 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Cows | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 goats | punct |
| 5 | goats | goat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Cows | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 pigs | cc |
| 7 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Cows | conj |
| 8 | walk | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 toes | case |
| 10 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 toes | nummod |
| 11 | toes | toe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 walk | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 called | punct |
| 13 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 toes | acl |
| 14 | cloven | cloven | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 hooves | amod |
| 15 | hooves | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 called | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 higher | punct |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 dewclaws | case |
| 18 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 dewclaws | nummod |
| 19 | smaller | small | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 dewclaws | amod |
| 20 | dewclaws | dewclaw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 higher | nsubj |
| 21 | higher | higher | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 called | conj |
| 22 | up | up | ADV | _ | 21 higher | advmod |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 back | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 back | det |
| 25 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 higher | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 walks | punct |
| 27 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 30 walks | mark |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 horse | det |
| 29 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 walks | nsubj |
| 30 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 walk | advcl |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 33 toe | case |
| 32 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 toe | nummod |
| 33 | toe | toe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 walks | obl |
| 34 | on | on | ADP | _ | 36 foot | case |
| 35 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 foot | det |
| 36 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 walks | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 walk | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | Cows and sheep and goats and pigs | two toes | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on toe=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | two toes not said here | cloven hooves | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hoof=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | higher up | present | two smaller dewclaws | the back | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | walk | present | a horse | one toe | on each foot | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on toe=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/8/