Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles, sentence 8
The Achilles tendon is the strongest tendon in the body; it joins the calf muscles to the heel bone and is named after the Greek hero Achilles, who in the legend was wounded in the heel.
Who acts: Achilles tendon, body · What happens: be, join, name, wound · To what, where: strongest tendon, body, calf muscles, Greek hero, legend
This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Achilles tendon, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 tendon | det |
| 2 | Achilles | achilles | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tendon | compound |
| 3 | tendon | tendon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 tendon | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 tendon | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 tendon | det |
| 6 | strongest | strong | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 tendon | amod |
| 7 | tendon | tendon | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 body | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 body | det |
| 10 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 tendon | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 joins | punct |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 joins | nsubj |
| 13 | joins | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 tendon | parataxis |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 muscles | det |
| 15 | calf | calf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 muscles | compound |
| 16 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 joins | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 bone | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 bone | det |
| 19 | heel | heel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bone | compound |
| 20 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 joins | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 named | cc |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 named | aux:pass |
| 23 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 joins | conj |
| 24 | after | after | ADP | _ | 28 Achilles | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 hero | det |
| 26 | Greek | Greek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 hero | amod |
| 27 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 named | obl |
| 28 | Achilles | Achilles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 hero | appos |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 wounded | punct |
| 30 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 wounded | nsubj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 legend | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 legend | det |
| 33 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 wounded | obl |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 wounded | aux:pass |
| 35 | wounded | wound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 hero | acl:relcl |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 heel | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 heel | det |
| 38 | heel | heel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 wounded | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 tendon | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Achilles tendon | the strongest tendon | the body | tree rules | |||
| 2 | join | present | body | the calf muscles | to the heel bone | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient to bone=Co-Patient | |||
| 3 | name | present · passive | body not said here | the Greek hero | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 4 | wound | past · passive | the Greek hero | the legend | in the heel | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/8/