Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger, sentence 4

Between about 4 years old and the teenage years most children grow about 5 to 6 centimetres a year, and growth hormone is let out mostly during deep sleep at night.

Who acts: most children · What happens: grow, let out · To what, where: old, growth hormone

This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (most children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Between	between	ADP	_	4 years	case
2	about	about	ADV	_	3 4	advmod
3	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 years	nummod
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 old	obl:unmarked
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 grow	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 years	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 years	det
8	teenage	teenage	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 years	amod
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 old	conj
10	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	11 children	amod
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 grow	nsubj
12	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	about	about	ADP	_	17 centimetres	case
14	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 centimetres	nummod
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 6	case
16	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 5	nmod
17	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 grow	obj
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 year	det
19	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 centimetres	nmod:unmarked
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 grow	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 let	cc
22	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 hormone	compound
23	hormone	hormone	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 let	nsubj:pass
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 let	aux:pass
25	let	let	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 grow	conj
26	out	out	ADP	_	25 let	compound:prt
27	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	30 sleep	advmod
28	during	during	ADP	_	30 sleep	case
29	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 sleep	amod
30	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 let	obl
31	at	at	ADP	_	32 night	case
32	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 sleep	nmod
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 grow	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	most children	old and the teenage years					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location centimetre=Theme
2	let out	present · passive		growth hormone			during deep sleep at night		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger/4/