Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 7

Butterfly and moth wings are covered in thousands of tiny scales; some colours, like the blue of the morpho, come from the shape of the scales, not from pigment.

Who acts: colours · What happens: cover, come · To what, where: Butterfly wings, shape

This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (colours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wings	compound
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 moth	cc
3	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Butterfly	conj
4	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 covered	nsubj:pass
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 covered	aux:pass
6	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 thousands	case
8	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 covered	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 scales	case
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 scales	amod
11	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 thousands	nmod
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 colours	punct
13	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	14 colours	det
14	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 come	nsubj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 blue	punct
16	like	like	ADP	_	18 blue	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 blue	det
18	blue	blue	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 colours	nmod
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 morpho	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 morpho	det
21	morpho	morpho	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 blue	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 come	punct
23	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 covered	parataxis
24	from	from	ADP	_	26 shape	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 shape	det
26	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 come	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	29 scales	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 scales	det
29	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 shape	nmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 pigment	punct
31	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	33 pigment	advmod
32	from	from	ADP	_	33 pigment	case
33	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 scales	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 covered	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		Butterfly wings				in thousands of tiny scales	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in thousand=Theme
2	come	present	some colours like the blue of the morpho			the shape of the scales and pigment			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from shape=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/7/