Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears, sentence 1
A hundred years ago the bison died out in the wild, and every bison alive today comes from just 12 animals kept in zoos.
Who acts: bison · What happens: die out, come, keep · To what, where: 12 animals, zoos
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bison), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 hundred | det |
| 2 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 years | nummod |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 7 died | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bison | det |
| 6 | bison | bison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 died | nsubj |
| 7 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | out | out | ADV | _ | 7 died | advmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 wild | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 wild | det |
| 11 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 died | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 comes | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 comes | cc |
| 14 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 bison | det |
| 15 | bison | bison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 comes | nsubj |
| 16 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bison | amod |
| 17 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 alive | obl |
| 18 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 died | conj |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 animals | case |
| 20 | just | just | ADV | _ | 21 12 | advmod |
| 21 | 12 | 12 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 animals | nummod |
| 22 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 comes | obl |
| 23 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 animals | acl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 zoos | case |
| 25 | zoos | zoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 kept | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 died | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | die out | past | the bison | in the wild; ago, out property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in wild=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | come | present | every bison | from 12 animals | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from animal=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | keep | participle | 12 animals not said here | zoos | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in zoo=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/1/