Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears, sentence 18
The Ukrainian Carpathians have some of Europe's biggest old beech forests never cut by people, part of a World Heritage Site across several countries.
Who acts: Ukrainian Carpathians · What happens: have, not cut · To what, where: some, biggest old beech forests
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ukrainian Carpathians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Carpathians | det |
| 2 | Ukrainian | ukrainian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Carpathians | amod |
| 3 | Carpathians | Carpathian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 have | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 forests | case |
| 7 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 forests | nmod:poss |
| 8 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 7 Europe | case |
| 9 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 forests | amod |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 forests | amod |
| 11 | beech | beech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 forests | compound |
| 12 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 some | nmod |
| 13 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 14 cut | advmod |
| 14 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 forests | acl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 people | case |
| 16 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 cut | obl:agent |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 part | punct |
| 18 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 forests | appos |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 Site | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 Site | det |
| 21 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Heritage | compound |
| 22 | Heritage | heritage | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Site | compound |
| 23 | Site | site | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 part | nmod |
| 24 | across | across | ADP | _ | 26 countries | case |
| 25 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 countries | amod |
| 26 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 Site | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the Ukrainian Carpathians | some | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient | ||||
| 2 | not cut | participle | Europe's biggest old beech forests not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/18/