Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova, sentence 12
Sousliks are ground squirrels of the steppe that eat seeds, roots and insects and stand up to watch for eagles, polecats and foxes; the speckled souslik has white dots and is now rare.
Who acts: Sousliks, ground squirrels, speckled souslik · What happens: be, eat, stand up, watch, speckle, have · To what, where: ground squirrels, seeds, white dots
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sousliks, ground squirrels, speckled souslik), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sousliks | souslik | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 squirrels | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 squirrels | cop |
| 3 | ground | ground | NOUN | _ | 4 squirrels | compound |
| 4 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 steppe | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 steppe | det |
| 7 | steppe | steppe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 squirrels | nmod |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 eat | nsubj |
| 9 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 squirrels | acl:relcl |
| 10 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 eat | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 roots | punct |
| 12 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 seeds | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 insects | cc |
| 14 | insects | insect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 seeds | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 stand | cc |
| 16 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 eat | conj |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 stand | compound:prt |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 watch | mark |
| 19 | watch | watch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 stand | advcl |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 eagles | case |
| 21 | eagles | eagle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 watch | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 polecats | punct |
| 23 | polecats | polecat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 eagles | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 foxes | cc |
| 25 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 eagles | conj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 has | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 souslik | det |
| 28 | speckled | speckle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 souslik | amod |
| 29 | souslik | souslik | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 has | nsubj |
| 30 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 eat | parataxis |
| 31 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 dots | amod |
| 32 | dots | dot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 has | obj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 rare | cc |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 rare | cop |
| 35 | now | now | ADV | _ | 36 rare | advmod |
| 36 | rare | rare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 has | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 squirrels | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Sousliks | ground squirrels | of the steppe | tree rules | |||
| 2 | eat | present | ground squirrels | seeds and roots and insects | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Patient | ||||
| 3 | stand up | present | ground squirrels not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | watch | to-infinitive | ground squirrels not said here | for eagles and polecats and foxes | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for eagle=Theme | ||||
| 5 | speckle | participle | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | have | present | the speckled souslik | white dots | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dot=Patient | ||||
| 7 | is | present | the speckled souslik not said here | now | rare property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova/12/