Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies, sentence 14
Dolphins rely on sound to hunt and to talk, so loud noise can hurt or confuse them.
Who acts: Dolphins, loud noise · What happens: rely, hunt, talk, hurt, confuse · To what, where: dolphin
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dolphins, loud noise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dolphins | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 rely | nsubj |
| 2 | rely | rely | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 sound | case |
| 4 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 rely | obl |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 hunt | mark |
| 6 | hunt | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 rely | advcl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 talk | cc |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 talk | mark |
| 9 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 hunt | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hurt | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 hurt | advmod |
| 12 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 noise | amod |
| 13 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hurt | nsubj |
| 14 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 hurt | aux |
| 15 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 rely | parataxis |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 confuse | cc |
| 17 | confuse | confuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 hurt | conj |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 confuse | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 rely | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rely | present | Dolphins | on sound | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on sound=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hunt | to-infinitive | Dolphins not said here | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | talk | to-infinitive | Dolphins not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | hurt | can | loud noise | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | confuse | infinitive | loud noise not said here | dolphin | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/14/