Ukraine's plants: sunflowers, viburnum, poppies, lime trees and steppe grasses, sentence 18

Ukraine's black earth, chornozem, was built over thousands of years by steppe grass roots dying and rotting into the ground, and in places it is about a metre deep.

Who acts: steppe grass roots, earth · What happens: build, die, rot, be · To what, where: black earth, thousands, ground, metre, places

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's plants: sunflowers, viburnum, poppies, lime trees and steppe grasses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steppe grass roots, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 earth	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ukraine	case
3	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 earth	amod
4	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 built	nsubj:pass
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 chornozem	punct
6	chornozem	chornozem	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 earth	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 earth	punct
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 built	aux:pass
9	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	over	over	ADP	_	11 thousands	case
11	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 built	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 years	case
13	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 thousands	nmod
14	by	by	ADP	_	17 roots	case
15	steppe	steppe	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 roots	compound
16	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 roots	compound
17	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 built	obl:agent
18	dying	die	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 roots	acl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 rotting	cc
20	rotting	rot	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 dying	conj
21	into	into	ADP	_	23 ground	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 ground	det
23	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 rotting	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 metre	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 metre	cc
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 places	case
27	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 metre	obl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 metre	nsubj
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 metre	cop
30	about	about	ADV	_	32 metre	advmod
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 metre	det
32	metre	metre	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 built	conj
33	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 metre	amod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 built	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	build	past · passive	steppe grass roots	Ukraine's black earth	thousands of years		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
2	die	gerund	steppe grass roots not said here				vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	rot	gerund	steppe grass roots not said here		the ground		vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	is a	present	earth	a metre	places	about property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:377-ukraine-s-plants-sunflowers-viburnum-poppies-lime-trees-and-steppe-grasses.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/377-ukraine-s-plants-sunflowers-viburnum-poppies-lime-trees-and-steppe-grasses/18/