China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders, sentence 13
Takins gather at places where the ground is full of salt and minerals, because their food has too little salt; over 100 can meet at one lick, and they move up and down the mountains with the seasons.
Who acts: Takins, ground, food, 100 · What happens: gather, be, have, meet, move up · To what, where: places, little salt, one lick
This is a sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Takins, ground, food, 100), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Takins | takin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 gather | nsubj |
| 2 | gather | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 places | case |
| 4 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 gather | obl |
| 5 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 9 full | advmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ground | det |
| 7 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 full | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 full | cop |
| 9 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 places | acl:relcl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 salt | case |
| 11 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 full | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 minerals | cc |
| 13 | minerals | mineral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 salt | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 has | punct |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 has | mark |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 food | nmod:poss |
| 17 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 has | nsubj |
| 18 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 gather | conj |
| 19 | too | too | ADV | _ | 20 little | advmod |
| 20 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 salt | amod |
| 21 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 has | obj |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 meet | punct |
| 23 | over | over | SCONJ | _ | 26 meet | mark |
| 24 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 meet | nsubj |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 meet | aux |
| 26 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 gather | parataxis |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 29 lick | case |
| 28 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 lick | nummod |
| 29 | lick | lick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 meet | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 move | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 move | cc |
| 32 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 move | nsubj |
| 33 | move | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 meet | parataxis |
| 34 | up | up | ADV | _ | 33 move | advmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 mountains | cc |
| 36 | down | down | ADP | _ | 34 up | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 mountains | det |
| 38 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 move | conj |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 seasons | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 seasons | det |
| 41 | seasons | season | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 move | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 gather | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gather | present | Takins | places | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the ground | of salt and minerals; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | present | takins's food | little salt | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient | ||||
| 4 | meet | can | 100 | one lick | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | move up | present | takins = takin | season | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/13/