China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders, sentence 9
Scientists think the tiny nose may help against frostbite, but it is still argued; its blue face comes from the way the skin scatters light.
Who acts: Scientists, tiny nose, blue face, skin · What happens: think, help, argue, come, scatter · To what, where: nose, way, light · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, tiny nose, blue face, skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 think | nsubj |
| 2 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 nose | det |
| 4 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 nose | amod |
| 5 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 help | nsubj |
| 6 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 help | aux |
| 7 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 think | ccomp |
| 8 | against | against | ADP | _ | 9 frostbite | case |
| 9 | frostbite | frostbite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 help | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 argued | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 argued | cc |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 argued | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 argued | aux:pass |
| 14 | still | still | ADV | _ | 15 argued | advmod |
| 15 | argued | argue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 think | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 comes | punct |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 face | nmod:poss |
| 18 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 face | amod |
| 19 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 comes | nsubj |
| 20 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 think | parataxis |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 way | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 way | det |
| 23 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 comes | obl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 skin | det |
| 25 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 scatters | nsubj |
| 26 | scatters | scatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 way | acl:relcl |
| 27 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 scatters | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 think | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | Scientists | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | help | may | the tiny nose | against frostbite | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | argue speech: disagree | present · passive | nose | still | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 4 | come | present | nose's blue face | the way | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from way=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | scatter | present | the skin | light | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/9/