China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders, sentence 8
Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in cold mountain forests in central China, often above 2,000 metres; in winter they eat lichen, bark and buds and huddle together, and troops can number several hundred.
Who acts: Golden nosed monkeys, monkeys, troops · What happens: live, eat, huddle, number · To what, where: cold mountain forests, lichen, several hundred
This is a sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Golden nosed monkeys, monkeys, troops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 monkeys | amod |
| 2 | snub | snub | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 nosed | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 snub | punct |
| 4 | nosed | nose | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 monkeys | amod |
| 5 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 live | nsubj |
| 6 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 forests | case |
| 8 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 forests | amod |
| 9 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 forests | compound |
| 10 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 live | obl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 China | case |
| 12 | central | central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 China | amod |
| 13 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 forests | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 metres | punct |
| 15 | often | often | ADV | _ | 18 metres | advmod |
| 16 | above | above | ADP | _ | 18 metres | case |
| 17 | 2,000 | 2000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 metres | nummod |
| 18 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 forests | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 eat | punct |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 winter | case |
| 21 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 eat | obl |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 eat | nsubj |
| 23 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 live | parataxis |
| 24 | lichen | lichen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 eat | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 bark | punct |
| 26 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 lichen | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 buds | cc |
| 28 | buds | bud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 lichen | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 huddle | cc |
| 30 | huddle | huddle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 eat | conj |
| 31 | together | together | ADV | _ | 30 huddle | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 number | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 number | cc |
| 34 | troops | troops | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 number | nsubj |
| 35 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 number | aux |
| 36 | number | number | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 eat | conj |
| 37 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 hundred | amod |
| 38 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 number | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Golden nosed monkeys | cold mountain forests in central China | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location | ||||
| 2 | eat | present | monkeys = monkey | lichen and bark and buds | winter | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lichen=Patient | |||
| 3 | huddle | present | monkeys = monkey not said here | together property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | number | can | troops | several hundred | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/8/