China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus, tea and rice paddies, sentence 20

Rice can grow in flooded fields because its stems have air channels carrying air to the roots, and the water drowns many weeds; the Hani people in Yunnan built rice terraces up whole mountains over about 1,300 years.

Who acts: Rice, stems, air channels, water, Hani people · What happens: grow, flood, have, carry, drown, build · To what, where: flooded fields, air channels, air, roots, many weeds, rice terraces

This is a sentence of the lesson «China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus, tea and rice paddies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rice, stems, air channels, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rice	rice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	aux
3	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 fields	case
5	flooded	flood	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 fields	amod
6	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	obl
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 have	mark
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 stems	nmod:poss
9	stems	stem	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	nsubj
10	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	advcl
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 channels	compound
12	channels	channel	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	obj
13	carrying	carry	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 channels	acl
14	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 carrying	obj
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 roots	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 roots	det
17	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 carrying	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 drowns	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 drowns	cc
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 water	det
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 drowns	nsubj
22	drowns	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	conj
23	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 weeds	amod
24	weeds	weed	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 drowns	obj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 years	punct
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 people	det
27	Hani	hani	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 people	compound
28	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 built	nsubj
29	in	in	ADP	_	30 Yunnan	case
30	Yunnan	Yunnan	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 people	nmod
31	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	parataxis
32	rice	rice	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 terraces	compound
33	terraces	terrace	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 built	obj
34	up	up	ADP	_	36 mountains	case
35	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 mountains	amod
36	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 built	obl
37	over	over	ADV	_	38 about	advmod
38	about	about	ADV	_	39 1,300	advmod
39	1,300	1,300	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	40 years	nummod
40	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 built	obl
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grow	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	can	Rice		flooded fields			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in field=Location
2	flood	participle						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	have	present	rice's stems	air channels				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent channel=Patient
4	carry	gerund	air channels not said here	air	the roots			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme to root=Destination
5	drown	present	the water	many weeds				vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weed=Patient
6	build	past	the Hani people in Yunnan	rice terraces		year	up whole mountains	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent terrace=Product
7	stem		rice					nom stem «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies.lesson:20.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies/20/