Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 1

There were few trees on the cold steppe, so giant bones were the best building material they had.

Who acts: few trees, giant bones, bones · What happens: be, have · To what, where: cold steppe, best building material

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few trees, giant bones, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 were	expl
2	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 trees	amod
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 were	nsubj
5	on	on	ADP	_	8 steppe	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 steppe	det
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 steppe	amod
8	steppe	steppe	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 were	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 bones	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 giant	advmod
11	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 bones	amod
12	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 material	nsubj
13	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 material	cop
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 material	det
15	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	17 material	amod
16	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 material	compound
17	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 were	parataxis
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 had	nsubj
19	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 material	acl:relcl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 were	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	be	past	few trees		the cold steppe; there	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on steppe=Location
2	is a	past	giant bones	the best building material		tree rules
3	have	past	bones = bone	the best building material not said here		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent material=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/1/