Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 2
Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe.
Who acts: Much, cold dry grassland · What happens: be, call · To what, where: cold dry grassland, mammoth steppe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Much, cold dry grassland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 grassland | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 Ukraine | case |
| 3 | Ukraine | Ukraine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Much | nmod |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 grassland | cop |
| 5 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 grassland | advmod |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 grassland | det |
| 7 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 grassland | amod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 dry | punct |
| 9 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 grassland | amod |
| 10 | grassland | grassland | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 grassland | acl |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 steppe | det |
| 13 | mammoth | mammoth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 steppe | compound |
| 14 | steppe | steppe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 called | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 grassland | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Much of Ukraine | a cold dry grassland | then | tree rules | |||
| 2 | call | participle | a cold dry grassland not said here | the mammoth steppe | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent steppe=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/2/