Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 10

Cave lions lived in cold Europe and Asia; cave paintings show them without big manes, though we cannot be sure the males had none.

Who acts: Cave lions, cave paintings, we, males · What happens: live, show, not be, have · To what, where: cold Europe, lions, none

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cave lions, cave paintings, we, males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lions	compound
2	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lived	nsubj
3	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 Europe	case
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Europe	amod
6	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 lived	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Asia	cc
8	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Europe	conj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 show	punct
10	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 paintings	compound
11	paintings	painting	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 show	nsubj
12	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lived	parataxis
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 show	obj
14	without	without	ADP	_	16 manes	case
15	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 manes	amod
16	manes	mane	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 show	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 sure	punct
18	though	though	SCONJ	_	23 sure	mark
19	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 sure	nsubj
20	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 sure	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	23 sure	advmod
22	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	23 sure	cop
23	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 show	advcl
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 males	det
25	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 had	nsubj
26	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 sure	ccomp
27	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	26 had	obj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lived	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	live	past	Cave lions		cold Europe and Asia		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location
2	show	present	cave paintings	lions = lion		without big manes	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient
3	not is	can	we			sure property	tree rules
4	have	past	the males	none			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/10/