Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 2

A tuskfish has no hands, so it carries a clam in its mouth and whacks it on a rock until it cracks: the rock is its anvil.

Who acts: tuskfish, rock · What happens: have, carry, whack, crack, be · To what, where: hands, clam, mouth, tuskfish, anvil

This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tuskfish, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tuskfish	det
2	tuskfish	tuskfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 hands	det
5	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 carries	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 carries	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 carries	nsubj
9	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	conj
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 clam	det
11	clam	clam	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carries	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 mouth	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 mouth	nmod:poss
14	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carries	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 whacks	cc
16	whacks	whack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 carries	conj
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 whacks	obj
18	on	on	ADP	_	20 rock	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 rock	det
20	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 whacks	obl
21	until	until	SCONJ	_	23 cracks	mark
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 cracks	nsubj
23	cracks	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 whacks	advcl
24	:	:	PUNCT	_	29 anvil	punct
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 rock	det
26	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 anvil	nsubj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 anvil	cop
28	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	29 anvil	nmod:poss
29	anvil	anvil	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	parataxis
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a tuskfish	no hands			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
2	carry	present	tuskfish	a clam	tuskfish's mouth		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent clam=Value in mouth=Location
3	whack	present	tuskfish not said here	tuskfish		on a rock	vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent it=Instrument on rock=Patient
4	crack	present	tuskfish				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is a	present	the rock	rock's anvil			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/2/