Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 6
Pigs found hidden food using a mirror, and a tiny jumping spider can plan a detour, losing sight of its prey and still sneaking up from behind.
Who acts: Pigs, tiny jumping spider · What happens: find, use, jump, plan, lose, sneak up · To what, where: hidden food, mirror, detour, sight, prey
This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pigs, tiny jumping spider), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 found | nsubj |
| 2 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 food | amod |
| 4 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 found | obj |
| 5 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 found | advcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 mirror | det |
| 7 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 using | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 plan | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 plan | cc |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 spider | det |
| 11 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 spider | amod |
| 12 | jumping | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 spider | amod |
| 13 | spider | spider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 plan | nsubj |
| 14 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 plan | aux |
| 15 | plan | plan | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 found | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 detour | det |
| 17 | detour | detour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 plan | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 losing | punct |
| 19 | losing | lose | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 plan | advcl |
| 20 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 losing | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 prey | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 prey | nmod:poss |
| 23 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sight | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 sneaking | cc |
| 25 | still | still | ADV | _ | 26 sneaking | advmod |
| 26 | sneaking | sneak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 losing | conj |
| 27 | up | up | ADV | _ | 26 sneaking | compound:prt |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 behind | case |
| 29 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 26 sneaking | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 found | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | Pigs | hidden food | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | ||||
| 2 | use | gerund | Pigs not said here | a mirror | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mirror=Patient | ||||
| 3 | jump | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | plan | can | a tiny jumping spider | a detour | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detour=Topic | ||||
| 5 | lose | gerund | a tiny jumping spider not said here | sight of spider's prey | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sight=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | sneak up | gerund | a tiny jumping spider not said here | still | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from behind=Trajectory | ||||
| 7 | sight | spider's prey | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/6/