Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 7
There is no single ladder of cleverness with humans at the top: each animal is clever in the ways its own life needs.
Who acts: single ladder, animal, own life · What happens: be, need · To what, where: ways
This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single ladder, animal, own life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 is | expl |
| 2 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 ladder | det |
| 4 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ladder | amod |
| 5 | ladder | ladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 is | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 cleverness | case |
| 7 | cleverness | cleverness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ladder | nmod |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 humans | case |
| 9 | humans | human | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cleverness | nmod |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 top | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 top | det |
| 12 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 humans | nmod |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 clever | punct |
| 14 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 animal | det |
| 15 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 clever | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 clever | cop |
| 17 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 is | parataxis |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 ways | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ways | det |
| 20 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 clever | obl |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 life | nmod:poss |
| 22 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 life | amod |
| 23 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 needs | nsubj |
| 24 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 ways | acl:relcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 is | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | present | no single ladder of cleverness with humans at the top | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | each animal | the ways | clever property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | need | present | animal's own life | the ways not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot way=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/7/