Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 8

Scientists put a coloured mark on cleaner wrasse fish, and some rubbed it off after seeing it in a mirror; whether this means they know themselves is still argued.

Who acts: Scientists, some, this · What happens: put, colour, rub off, see, mean, know · To what, where: coloured mark, mark, mirror, Scientists · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, some, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 mark	det
4	coloured	colour	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 mark	amod
5	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 fish	case
7	cleaner	cleaner	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fish	compound
8	wrasse	wrasse	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 fish	compound
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 rubbed	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 rubbed	cc
12	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	13 rubbed	nsubj
13	rubbed	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 put	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 rubbed	obj
15	off	off	ADP	_	13 rubbed	compound:prt
16	after	after	SCONJ	_	17 seeing	mark
17	seeing	see	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 rubbed	advcl
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 seeing	obj
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 mirror	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 mirror	det
21	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 seeing	obl
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 means	punct
23	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	25 means	mark
24	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	25 means	nsubj
25	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 argued	csubj:pass
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 know	nsubj
27	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 means	ccomp
28	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	27 know	obj
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 argued	aux:pass
30	still	still	ADV	_	31 argued	advmod
31	argued	argue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 put	parataxis
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	past	Scientists	a coloured mark			on cleaner wrasse fish	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme on fish=Destination
2	colour	participle						tree rules
3	rub off	past	some	mark				vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme
4	see	gerund	some not said here	mark	a mirror			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
5	mean	present	this					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	know	present	Scientists = scientist	Scientists = scientist				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer themselves=Stimulus
7	argue speech: disagree	present · passive				still		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/8/