Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 9
The tuskfish carries a clam in its mouth and smashes it on a rock, using the rock as an anvil.
Who acts: tuskfish · What happens: carry, smash, use · To what, where: clam, mouth, tuskfish, rock
This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tuskfish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tuskfish | det |
| 2 | tuskfish | tuskfish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 carries | nsubj |
| 3 | carries | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 clam | det |
| 5 | clam | clam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 carries | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 mouth | case |
| 7 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 8 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 carries | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 smashes | cc |
| 10 | smashes | smash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 carries | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 smashes | obj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 rock | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 rock | det |
| 14 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 smashes | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 using | punct |
| 16 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 smashes | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 rock | det |
| 18 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 using | obj |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 anvil | case |
| 20 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 anvil | det |
| 21 | anvil | anvil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 using | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 carries | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | present | the tuskfish | a clam | tuskfish's mouth | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent clam=Value in mouth=Location | |||
| 2 | smash | present | the tuskfish not said here | tuskfish | a rock | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme on rock=Destination | |||
| 3 | use | gerund | the tuskfish not said here | the rock | as a anvil | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent rock=Duration as anvil=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/9/