How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 13
Today the person testing an animal often does not know the answer, so they cannot give hints by accident.
Who acts: person, people · What happens: test, not know, not give · To what, where: animal, answer, hints
This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 know | obl:unmarked |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 know | nsubj |
| 4 | testing | test | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 person | acl |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 animal | det |
| 6 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 testing | obj |
| 7 | often | often | ADV | _ | 10 know | advmod |
| 8 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 know | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 know | advmod |
| 10 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 answer | det |
| 12 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 know | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 give | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 give | advmod |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 give | nsubj |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 give | aux |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 give | advmod |
| 18 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 know | conj |
| 19 | hints | hint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 give | obj |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 accident | case |
| 21 | accident | accident | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 give | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 know | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | test | gerund | the person not said here | a animal | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not know | present · do-support | the person | the answer | today | often property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer answer=Stimulus | ||
| 3 | not give | can | people | hints | by accident | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hint=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/13/