How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 14
In the water jar test, based on an old fable, rooks and crows dropped stones into a tube until the water rose with a floating treat; children usually pass it at about seven or eight.
Who acts: rooks, water, children · What happens: base, drop, rise, float, pass · To what, where: jar test, old fable, stones, water, seven
This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rooks, water, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 5 test | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 test | det |
| 3 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 jar | compound |
| 4 | jar | jar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 test | compound |
| 5 | test | test | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 dropped | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 test | punct |
| 7 | based | base | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 test | acl |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 fable | case |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 fable | det |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 fable | amod |
| 11 | fable | fable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 based | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 rooks | punct |
| 13 | rooks | rook | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 dropped | nsubj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 crows | cc |
| 15 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rooks | conj |
| 16 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 pass | parataxis |
| 17 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 dropped | obj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 tube | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 tube | det |
| 20 | tube | tube | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 dropped | obl |
| 21 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 24 rose | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 water | det |
| 23 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rose | nsubj |
| 24 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 dropped | advcl |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 treat | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 treat | det |
| 27 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 treat | amod |
| 28 | treat | treat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rose | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 children | punct |
| 30 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 pass | nsubj |
| 31 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 32 pass | advmod |
| 32 | pass | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 pass | obj |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 36 seven | case |
| 35 | about | about | ADV | _ | 36 seven | advmod |
| 36 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 pass | obl |
| 37 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 eight | cc |
| 38 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 seven | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 dropped | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | base | participle | the jar test not said here | a old fable | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on fable=Source | ||||
| 2 | drop | past | rooks and crows | stones | the jar test | into a tube | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme in test=Destination into tube=Initial_Location | ||
| 3 | rise | past | the water | with a floating treat | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | pass | present | children | water | seven | usually property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme at seven=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/14/