How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 6

A dog lives by its nose, so a mirror means little to it, but it can tell its own smell from another dog's.

Who acts: dog, mirror · What happens: live, mean, tell, smell · To what, where: little, own smell · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog, mirror), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	nsubj
3	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 nose	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 nose	nmod:poss
6	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 means	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 means	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 mirror	det
10	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 means	nsubj
11	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lives	parataxis
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 means	obj
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 little	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 tell	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	19 tell	cc
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 tell	nsubj
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 tell	aux
19	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 means	conj
20	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 smell	nmod:poss
21	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 smell	amod
22	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 tell	obj
23	from	from	ADP	_	25 dog	case
24	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	25 dog	det
25	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 tell	obl
26	's	's	PART	_	25 dog	case
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lives	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	live	present	a dog		by dog's nose	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by nose=Location
2	mean	present	a mirror	little		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Topic
3	tell speech: assert	can	mirror	dog's own smell	from another dog	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent smell=Recipient
4	smell		dog			nom smell «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/6/