How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air, sentence 11

Wild giraffes sleep in short bits adding up to about half an hour to a few hours, often standing, because getting up takes them a long time.

Who acts: Wild giraffes, getting · What happens: sleep, add up, stand, get up, take · To what, where: short bits, giraffes

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild giraffes, getting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 giraffes	amod
2	giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	nsubj
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 bits	case
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bits	amod
6	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	obl
7	adding	add	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 sleep	advcl
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 adding	compound:prt
9	to	to	ADP	_	13 hour	case
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 half	advmod
11	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	13 hour	det:predet
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 hour	det
13	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 adding	obl
14	to	to	ADP	_	17 hours	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 hours	det
16	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 hours	amod
17	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 adding	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 standing	punct
19	often	often	ADV	_	20 standing	advmod
20	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 adding	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 takes	punct
22	because	because	SCONJ	_	25 takes	mark
23	getting	get	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	25 takes	csubj
24	up	up	ADP	_	23 getting	compound:prt
25	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 standing	advcl
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 takes	obj
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 time	det
28	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 time	amod
29	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 takes	obl:unmarked
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sleep	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Wild giraffes		short bits			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in bit=Location
2	add up speech: assert	gerund	Wild giraffes not said here			hour		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	stand	gerund	Wild giraffes not said here				often property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	get up	gerund						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
5	take	present	getting	giraffes = giraffe		time		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/11/