Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses, sentence 14

Octopuses have a quiet sleep and a short active sleep, when their colours flash and their arms twitch; some scientists think this might be a bit like dreaming, but it is still argued.

Who acts: Octopuses, colours, arms, scientists, this · What happens: have, flash, twitch, think, be, dream · To what, where: quiet sleep, bit, sleep · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Octopuses, colours, arms, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Octopuses	octopus	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sleep	det
4	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sleep	amod
5	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 sleep	cc
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 sleep	det
8	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 sleep	amod
9	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 sleep	amod
10	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sleep	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 flash	punct
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 flash	advmod
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 colours	nmod:poss
14	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 flash	nsubj
15	flash	flash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 sleep	advcl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 twitch	cc
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 arms	nmod:poss
18	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 twitch	nsubj
19	twitch	twitch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 flash	conj
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 think	punct
21	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	22 scientists	det
22	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 think	nsubj
23	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	parataxis
24	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	28 bit	nsubj
25	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 bit	aux
26	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	28 bit	cop
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 bit	det
28	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 think	ccomp
29	like	like	SCONJ	_	30 dreaming	mark
30	dreaming	dream	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 bit	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 argued	punct
32	but	but	CCONJ	_	36 argued	cc
33	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 argued	nsubj:pass
34	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 argued	aux:pass
35	still	still	ADV	_	36 argued	advmod
36	argued	argue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 think	conj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	have	present	Octopuses	a quiet sleep and a short active sleep		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sleep=Patient
2	flash	present	Octopuses's colours			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	twitch	present	Octopuses's arms			vn body_internal_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	think speech: other	present	some scientists			vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is a	might	this	a bit		tree rules
6	dream	gerund				vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
7	argue speech: disagree	present · passive		sleep	still	vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/14/