Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses, sentence 15

In 2022 scientists reported that baby jumping spiders resting at night move the eye tubes inside their heads and twitch their legs, a bit like the dreaming stage in mammals; whether spiders dream is an open question.

Who acts: scientists, baby jumping spiders, spiders · What happens: report, jump, rest, move, twitch, dream · To what, where: 2022, eye tubes, heads, legs, open question · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, baby jumping spiders, spiders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 2022	case
2	2022	2022	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 reported	obl
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 reported	nsubj
4	reported	report	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 move	mark
6	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 spiders	compound
7	jumping	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 spiders	amod
8	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 move	nsubj
9	resting	rest	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 spiders	acl
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 night	case
11	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 resting	obl
12	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reported	ccomp
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 tubes	det
14	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 tubes	compound
15	tubes	tube	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 move	obj
16	inside	inside	ADP	_	18 heads	case
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 heads	nmod:poss
18	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 move	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 twitch	cc
20	twitch	twitch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 move	conj
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 legs	nmod:poss
22	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 twitch	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 bit	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 bit	det
25	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 twitch	obl:unmarked
26	like	like	ADP	_	29 stage	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 stage	det
28	dreaming	dream	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	29 stage	amod
29	stage	stage	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 twitch	obl
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 mammals	case
31	mammals	mammal	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 stage	nmod
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 question	punct
33	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	35 dream	mark
34	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 dream	nsubj
35	dream	dream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 question	csubj
36	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 question	cop
37	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	39 question	det
38	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 question	amod
39	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reported	parataxis
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 reported	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	report	past	scientists		2022			vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	jump	gerund						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	rest	gerund	baby jumping spiders not said here			night		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	move	present	baby jumping spiders	the eye tubes	scientists's heads			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tube=Theme
5	twitch	present	baby jumping spiders not said here	scientists's legs			like the dreaming stage in mammals; a bit obl:unmarked	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
6	dream	gerund						vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
7	dream	present	spiders					vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
8	be speech: other	present		a open question				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/15/