Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses, sentence 16

Scientists reported that bearded dragons switch between two sleep stages again and again through the night, which may mean these stages are very old, though some scientists think reptile sleep works differently.

Who acts: Scientists, bearded dragons, night, stages, reptile sleep · What happens: report, switch, mean, be, think, work · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, bearded dragons, night, stages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 reported	nsubj
2	reported	report	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 switch	mark
4	bearded	bearded	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dragons	amod
5	dragons	dragon	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 switch	nsubj
6	switch	switch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 reported	ccomp
7	between	between	ADP	_	10 stages	case
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 stages	nummod
9	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stages	compound
10	stages	stage	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 switch	obl
11	again	again	ADV	_	6 switch	advmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 night	cc
13	again	again	ADV	_	11 again	conj
14	through	through	ADP	_	16 night	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 night	det
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 switch	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 mean	punct
18	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 mean	nsubj
19	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 mean	aux
20	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 night	acl:relcl
21	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	22 stages	det
22	stages	stage	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 old	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 old	cop
24	very	very	ADV	_	25 old	advmod
25	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 mean	ccomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 think	punct
27	though	though	SCONJ	_	30 think	mark
28	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	29 scientists	det
29	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 think	nsubj
30	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 old	advcl
31	reptile	reptile	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 sleep	compound
32	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 works	nsubj
33	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 think	ccomp
34	differently	differently	ADV	_	33 works	advmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reported	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	report	past	Scientists			vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	switch	present	bearded dragons	again; night	between two sleep stages	vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	mean	may	the night			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	this stages		old property	tree rules
5	think speech: other	present	some scientists			vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
6	work	present	reptile sleep		differently property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/16/