Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade, sentence 16
Potato and tomato plants are relatives of nightshade; their leaves, stems and green potato fruits are poisonous, and potatoes turned green by light carry more of the poison, so they are kept in the dark.
Who acts: Potato plants, leaves, potatoes · What happens: be, turn, keep · To what, where: relatives, light, leaves, dark
This is a sentence of the lesson «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Potato plants, leaves, potatoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Potato | potato | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 plants | compound |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 plants | cc |
| 3 | tomato | tomato | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Potato | conj |
| 4 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 relatives | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 relatives | cop |
| 6 | relatives | relative | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 poisonous | parataxis |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 nightshade | case |
| 8 | nightshade | nightshade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 relatives | nmod |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 leaves | punct |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 leaves | nmod:poss |
| 11 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 poisonous | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 stems | punct |
| 13 | stems | stem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 leaves | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 fruits | cc |
| 15 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 fruits | amod |
| 16 | potato | potato | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 fruits | compound |
| 17 | fruits | fruit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 leaves | conj |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 poisonous | cop |
| 19 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 turned | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 turned | cc |
| 22 | potatoes | potato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 turned | nsubj |
| 23 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 poisonous | conj |
| 24 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 turned | xcomp |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 carry | case |
| 26 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turned | obl |
| 27 | carry | carry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turned | obl |
| 28 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 carry | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 poison | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 poison | det |
| 31 | poison | poison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 more | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 kept | punct |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 kept | advmod |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 kept | aux:pass |
| 36 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 turned | conj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 dark | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 dark | det |
| 39 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 kept | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 relatives | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Potato plants | relatives | of nightshade | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | present | plants's leaves and stems and green potato fruits | poisonous property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | turn | past | potatoes | light | by carry; green property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by carry=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | keep | present · passive | leaves = leaf | the dark | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in dark=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/16/