How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting, sentence 16

A single scene of a rare animal can take years to film, because weather, luck and the animal must all be right; an hour-long programme may be made from hundreds of hours of film, and most is never shown.

Who acts: single scene, weather · What happens: take, film, be, make, not show · To what, where: long programme, hundreds, most

This is a sentence of the lesson «How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (single scene, weather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 scene	det
2	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 scene	amod
3	scene	scene	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 take	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 animal	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 animal	det
6	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 animal	amod
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scene	nmod
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 take	aux
9	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 take	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 film	mark
12	film	film	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 take	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 right	punct
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	24 right	mark
15	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 right	nsubj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 luck	punct
17	luck	luck	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 weather	conj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 animal	cc
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 animal	det
20	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 weather	conj
21	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 right	aux
22	all	all	ADV	_	24 right	advmod
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	24 right	cop
24	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 film	advcl
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 made	punct
26	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 programme	det
27	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 long	compound
28	-	-	PUNCT	_	27 hour	punct
29	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 programme	amod
30	programme	programme	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 made	nsubj:pass
31	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 made	aux
32	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	33 made	aux:pass
33	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	24 right	parataxis
34	from	from	ADP	_	35 hundreds	case
35	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 made	obl
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 hours	case
37	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 hundreds	nmod
38	of	of	ADP	_	39 film	case
39	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 hours	nmod
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 shown	punct
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 shown	cc
42	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	45 shown	nsubj:pass
43	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 shown	aux:pass
44	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	45 shown	advmod
45	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 made	conj
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 take	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	can	a single scene of a rare animal			year		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	film	to-infinitive	a single scene of a rare animal not said here					vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	is	must	weather and luck and the animal				all, right property	tree rules
4	make	may · passive		a long programme	hundreds of hours of film			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from hundred=Material
5	not show	present · passive		most				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/16/