Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog bites and cat scratches, sentence 12
Most dog bites happen with dogs people know, often when the dog is eating, sleeping or hurt; growling, a stiff body and showing teeth are warnings that mean back off.
Who acts: Most dog bites, people, dog, growling, warnings · What happens: happen, know, eat, sleep, hurt, growl · To what, where: dogs, teeth, warnings
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog bites and cat scratches» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most dog bites, people, dog, growling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 bites | amod |
| 2 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bites | compound |
| 3 | bites | bite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 happen | nsubj |
| 4 | happen | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 dogs | case |
| 6 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 happen | obl |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 know | nsubj |
| 8 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 dogs | acl:relcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 eating | punct |
| 10 | often | often | ADV | _ | 15 eating | advmod |
| 11 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 15 eating | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 dog | det |
| 13 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 eating | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 eating | aux |
| 15 | eating | eat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 happen | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sleeping | punct |
| 17 | sleeping | sleep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 eating | conj |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 hurt | cc |
| 19 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 eating | conj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 growling | punct |
| 21 | growling | growl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 warnings | csubj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 body | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 body | det |
| 24 | stiff | stiff | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 body | amod |
| 25 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 growling | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 showing | cc |
| 27 | showing | show | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 growling | conj |
| 28 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 showing | obj |
| 29 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 warnings | cop |
| 30 | warnings | warning | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 happen | conj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 mean | nsubj |
| 32 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 warnings | acl:relcl |
| 33 | back | back | ADV | _ | 34 off | advmod |
| 34 | off | off | ADV | _ | 32 mean | advmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 happen | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | present | Most dog bites | with dogs | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | know | present | people | dogs not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | eat | present · progressive | the dog | often property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | sleep | gerund | the dog not said here | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | hurt | participle | the dog not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | growl | gerund | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | show | gerund | teeth | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tooth=Recipient | |||||
| 8 | is a | present | growling | warnings | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | mean | present | warnings | off property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:399-bites-stings-and-scratches-mosquitoes-wasps-ticks-dog-bites-and-cat-scratches.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/399-bites-stings-and-scratches-mosquitoes-wasps-ticks-dog-bites-and-cat-scratches/12/