Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog bites and cat scratches, sentence 15

Horseflies cut the skin with blade-like mouthparts and lap up the blood, so the bite hurts more than a mosquito's; they are drawn to dark moving things and warm bodies.

Who acts: Horseflies, bite · What happens: cut, lap up, hurt, draw · To what, where: skin, blood, bites, dark moving things

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bites, stings and scratches: mosquitoes, wasps, ticks, dog bites and cat scratches» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horseflies, bite), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Horseflies	horsefly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cut	nsubj
2	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 skin	det
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cut	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	9 mouthparts	case
6	blade	blade	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 like	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 blade	punct
8	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mouthparts	amod
9	mouthparts	mouthpart	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cut	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 lap	cc
11	lap	lap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	conj
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 lap	compound:prt
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 blood	det
14	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lap	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 hurts	punct
16	so	so	ADV	_	19 hurts	advmod
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 bite	det
18	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 hurts	nsubj
19	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 cut	parataxis
20	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	19 hurts	advmod
21	than	than	ADP	_	23 mosquito	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 mosquito	det
23	mosquito	mosquito	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 hurts	obl
24	's	's	PART	_	23 mosquito	case
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 drawn	punct
26	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 drawn	nsubj
27	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 drawn	aux:pass
28	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 cut	parataxis
29	to	to	ADP	_	32 things	case
30	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 things	amod
31	moving	move	ADJ	_	32 things	amod
32	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 drawn	obl
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 bodies	cc
34	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 bodies	amod
35	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 things	conj
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cut	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cut	past	Horseflies	the skin		with like mouthparts	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient with mouthpart=Instrument
2	lap up	present	Horseflies not said here	the blood			vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Patient
3	hurt	present	the bite			than a mosquito	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	draw	present · passive		bites = bite	dark moving things and warm bodies		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to thing=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:399-bites-stings-and-scratches-mosquitoes-wasps-ticks-dog-bites-and-cat-scratches.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/399-bites-stings-and-scratches-mosquitoes-wasps-ticks-dog-bites-and-cat-scratches/15/