The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds, sentence 1
Grass is the savanna's bread: zebras, wildebeest and gazelles graze it, and lions, cheetahs and hyenas hunt the grazers, so when the rain moves, the whole crowd moves after it.
Who acts: Grass, zebras, rain, whole crowd · What happens: be, graze, hunt, move · To what, where: bread, grass, grazers
This is a sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grass, zebras, rain, whole crowd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bread | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bread | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 savanna | det |
| 4 | savanna | savanna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bread | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 savanna | case |
| 6 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 zebras | punct |
| 8 | zebras | zebra | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 graze | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 wildebeest | punct |
| 10 | wildebeest | wildebeest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 zebras | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 graze | cc |
| 12 | gazelles | gazelle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 graze | nsubj |
| 13 | graze | graze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bread | parataxis |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 graze | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 lions | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 lions | cc |
| 17 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 bread | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 cheetahs | punct |
| 19 | cheetahs | cheetah | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 lions | conj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 hyenas | cc |
| 21 | hyenas | hyena | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 cheetahs | conj |
| 22 | hunt | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 graze | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 grazers | det |
| 24 | grazers | grazer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 hunt | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 moves | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 moves | advmod |
| 27 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 moves | advmod |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 rain | det |
| 29 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 moves | nsubj |
| 30 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 moves | advcl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 moves | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 crowd | det |
| 33 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 crowd | amod |
| 34 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 moves | nsubj |
| 35 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bread | conj |
| 36 | after | after | ADP | _ | 37 it | case |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 moves | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 bread | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Grass | the savanna's bread and lions and cheetahs and hyenas | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | graze | present | zebras and wildebeest | grass | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hunt | present | zebras and wildebeest not said here | the grazers | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grazer=Theme | ||||
| 4 | move | present | the rain | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | move | present | the whole crowd | after grass | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/1/