The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds, sentence 11
Termite mounds are built from soil, saliva and droppings, with tunnels that move air through them, and some are over a hundred years old.
Who acts: tunnels, some · What happens: build, move, be · To what, where: Termite mounds, soil, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tunnels, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Termite | termite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mounds | compound |
| 2 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 built | aux:pass |
| 4 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 soil | case |
| 6 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 saliva | punct |
| 8 | saliva | saliva | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 soil | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 droppings | cc |
| 10 | droppings | dropping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 soil | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 tunnels | punct |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 tunnels | case |
| 13 | tunnels | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | obl |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 move | nsubj |
| 15 | move | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 tunnels | acl:relcl |
| 16 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 move | obj |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 them | case |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 move | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 old | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 old | cc |
| 21 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 27 old | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 old | cop |
| 23 | over | over | ADV | _ | 25 hundred | advmod |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 hundred | det |
| 25 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 years | nummod |
| 26 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 old | obl:unmarked |
| 27 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 built | conj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 built | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | present · passive | Termite mounds | soil and saliva and droppings | with tunnels | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from soil=Material | |||
| 2 | move | present | tunnels | air | through mounds = mound | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent air=Theme through they=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | is | present | some | year | old property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/11/