The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds, sentence 13
Whistling-thorn acacias give ants homes in swollen thorns and sweet nectar, and the ants attack animals that nibble the tree, so both win; when a giraffe keeps browsing, acacia leaves also soon turn bitter.
Who acts: thorn acacias, ants, animals, both, giraffe, acacia leaves · What happens: give, attack, nibble, win, keep, browse · To what, where: homes, ants, swollen thorns, animals, tree
This is a sentence of the lesson «The savanna: grass, trees and the great herds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thorn acacias, ants, animals, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whistling | whistling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 thorn | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Whistling | punct |
| 3 | thorn | thorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 acacias | compound |
| 4 | acacias | acacia | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 give | nsubj |
| 5 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 give | iobj |
| 7 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 give | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 thorns | case |
| 9 | swollen | swollen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 thorns | amod |
| 10 | thorns | thorn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 give | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 nectar | cc |
| 12 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 nectar | amod |
| 13 | nectar | nectar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 thorns | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 attack | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 attack | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ants | det |
| 17 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 attack | nsubj |
| 18 | attack | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | conj |
| 19 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 attack | obj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 nibble | nsubj |
| 21 | nibble | nibble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 animals | acl:relcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 tree | det |
| 23 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 nibble | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 win | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 27 win | advmod |
| 26 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 win | nsubj |
| 27 | win | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | parataxis |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 keeps | punct |
| 29 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 keeps | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 giraffe | det |
| 31 | giraffe | giraffe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 keeps | nsubj |
| 32 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 turn | advcl |
| 33 | browsing | browse | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 keeps | xcomp |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 turn | punct |
| 35 | acacia | acacia | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 leaves | compound |
| 36 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 turn | nsubj |
| 37 | also | also | ADV | _ | 39 turn | advmod |
| 38 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 39 turn | advmod |
| 39 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 give | parataxis |
| 40 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 turn | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 give | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | thorn acacias | homes | ants | swollen thorns and sweet nectar | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent ant=Recipient home=Theme | ||
| 2 | attack | present | the ants | animals | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient | ||||
| 3 | nibble | present | animals | the tree | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | ||||
| 4 | win | present | both | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | keep | present | a giraffe | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | browse | gerund | a giraffe not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | turn | present | acacia leaves | bitter, soon property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:004-the-savanna.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/4-the-savanna/13/