The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds, sentence 16
Otters almost disappeared from England in the 1960s and 1970s, mostly because farm poisons got into the rivers and the fish; after those poisons were banned they came back, and they have been reported again in every county of England.
Who acts: Otters, farm poisons, poisons · What happens: disappear, get, ban, come back, report · To what, where: England, rivers, poisons, county
This is a sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Otters, farm poisons, poisons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Otters | otter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 disappeared | nsubj |
| 2 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 3 disappeared | advmod |
| 3 | disappeared | disappear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 England | case |
| 5 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 disappeared | obl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 1960s | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 1960s | det |
| 8 | 1960s | 1960s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 3 disappeared | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 1970s | cc |
| 10 | 1970s | 1970s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 8 1960s | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 poisons | punct |
| 12 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 16 got | advmod |
| 13 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 16 got | mark |
| 14 | farm | farm | NOUN | _ | 15 poisons | compound |
| 15 | poisons | poison | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 got | nsubj |
| 16 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 disappeared | advcl |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 19 rivers | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 rivers | det |
| 19 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 got | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 fish | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 fish | det |
| 22 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 rivers | conj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 banned | punct |
| 24 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 28 banned | mark |
| 25 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 26 poisons | det |
| 26 | poisons | poison | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 banned | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 banned | aux:pass |
| 28 | banned | ban | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 came | advcl |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 came | nsubj |
| 30 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 disappeared | parataxis |
| 31 | back | back | ADV | _ | 30 came | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 reported | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 reported | cc |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 reported | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 reported | aux |
| 36 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 reported | aux:pass |
| 37 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 came | conj |
| 38 | again | again | ADV | _ | 37 reported | advmod |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 county | case |
| 40 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 county | det |
| 41 | county | county | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 reported | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 England | case |
| 43 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 county | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 disappeared | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | disappear | past | Otters | England | in the 1960s and 1970s; almost property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from england=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | get | past | farm poisons | the rivers and the fish | mostly property | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into river=Destination | |||
| 3 | ban | past · passive | that poisons | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | come back | past | poisons = poison | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | report | present · perfect · passive | poisons = poison | every county of England | again | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/16/