The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?, sentence 8
Capybaras live in groups, often of about 10 to 20; some keep watch, and at a sharp bark-like alarm call the whole group rushes into the water, where they can stay under for about 5 minutes.
Who acts: Capybaras, some, whole group, groups · What happens: live, keep, rush, stay · To what, where: groups, watch, sharp bark like alarm call
This is a sentence of the lesson «The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Capybaras, some, whole group, groups), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Capybaras | capybara | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 live | nsubj |
| 2 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 groups | case |
| 4 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 live | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 20 | punct |
| 6 | often | often | ADV | _ | 11 20 | advmod |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 20 | case |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 11 20 | advmod |
| 9 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 20 | compound |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 20 | case |
| 11 | 20 | 20 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 groups | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 watch | punct |
| 13 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 keep | nsubj |
| 14 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 live | parataxis |
| 15 | watch | watch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 keep | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 rushes | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 call | cc |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 call | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 call | det |
| 20 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 call | amod |
| 21 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 call | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 bark | punct |
| 23 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 call | amod |
| 24 | alarm | alarm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 call | compound |
| 25 | call | call | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rushes | obl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 group | det |
| 27 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 group | amod |
| 28 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rushes | nsubj |
| 29 | rushes | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 live | conj |
| 30 | into | into | ADP | _ | 32 water | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 water | det |
| 32 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rushes | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 stay | punct |
| 34 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 37 stay | advmod |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 stay | nsubj |
| 36 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 stay | aux |
| 37 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 water | acl:relcl |
| 38 | under | under | ADV | _ | 37 stay | advmod |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 42 minutes | case |
| 40 | about | about | ADV | _ | 41 5 | advmod |
| 41 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 42 minutes | nummod |
| 42 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 stay | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Capybaras | groups of 10 20 | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location | ||||
| 2 | keep | present | some | watch | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent watch=Theme | ||||
| 3 | rush | present | the whole group | a sharp bark like alarm call | into the water result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into water=Result | |||
| 4 | stay | can | groups = group | minute | under property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:042-the-capybara.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/42-the-capybara/8/