The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?, sentence 9
Their eyes, ears and nostrils sit high on the head, like a hippo's, so a capybara can hide almost fully under water and still see, hear and breathe; it swims well with webbed toes.
Who acts: eyes, capybara · What happens: sit, hide, see, hear, breathe, swim · To what, where: head, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «The capybara: the calmest animal, friend of crocodiles?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, capybara), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 2 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 sit | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 ears | punct |
| 4 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 eyes | conj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 nostrils | cc |
| 6 | nostrils | nostril | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 eyes | conj |
| 7 | sit | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 sit | advmod |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 head | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 head | det |
| 11 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sit | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 sit | punct |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 hippo | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 hippo | det |
| 15 | hippo | hippo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sit | obl |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 hippo | case |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 hide | punct |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 22 hide | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 capybara | det |
| 20 | capybara | capybara | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hide | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 hide | aux |
| 22 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 sit | conj |
| 23 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 24 fully | advmod |
| 24 | fully | fully | ADV | _ | 22 hide | advmod |
| 25 | under | under | ADP | _ | 26 water | case |
| 26 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hide | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 see | cc |
| 28 | still | still | ADV | _ | 29 see | advmod |
| 29 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 hide | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 hear | punct |
| 31 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 see | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 breathe | cc |
| 33 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 hear | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 swims | punct |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 swims | nsubj |
| 36 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 sit | conj |
| 37 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 swims | advmod |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 toes | case |
| 39 | webbed | web | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 toes | amod |
| 40 | toes | toe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 swims | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 sit | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | present | groups's eyes and ears and nostrils | the head | like a hippo; high property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on head=Location | |||
| 2 | hide | can | a capybara | water | fully property | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under water=Location | |||
| 3 | see | infinitive | a capybara not said here | still | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | hear | infinitive | a capybara not said here | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | breathe | infinitive | a capybara not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | swim | present | capybara | with webbed toes; well property | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with toe=Theme | ||||
| 7 | web | participle | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:042-the-capybara.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/42-the-capybara/9/