The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs, sentence 16
Other mammals give birth: a hedgehog looks a bit like an echidna but has live babies, and a kangaroo gives birth to a tiny live baby that grows in its pouch.
Who acts: Other mammals, hedgehog, kangaroo, tiny live baby · What happens: give, look, have, grow · To what, where: birth, bit, live babies, tiny live baby, pouch
This is a sentence of the lesson «The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other mammals, hedgehog, kangaroo, tiny live baby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 mammals | amod |
| 2 | mammals | mammal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 give | nsubj |
| 3 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 looks | punct |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 hedgehog | det |
| 7 | hedgehog | hedgehog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 looks | nsubj |
| 8 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 give | parataxis |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 bit | det |
| 10 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 looks | obj |
| 11 | like | like | ADP | _ | 13 echidna | case |
| 12 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 echidna | det |
| 13 | echidna | echidna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 looks | obl |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 has | cc |
| 15 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 looks | conj |
| 16 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 babies | amod |
| 17 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 has | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 gives | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 gives | cc |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 kangaroo | det |
| 21 | kangaroo | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gives | nsubj |
| 22 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 give | conj |
| 23 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gives | obj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 baby | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 baby | det |
| 26 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 baby | amod |
| 27 | live | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 baby | amod |
| 28 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gives | obl |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 grows | nsubj |
| 30 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 baby | acl:relcl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 pouch | case |
| 32 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 pouch | nmod:poss |
| 33 | pouch | pouch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 grows | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 give | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | Other mammals | birth | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme | ||||
| 2 | look | present | a hedgehog | a bit | like a echidna | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bit=Attribute | |||
| 3 | have | present | a hedgehog not said here | live babies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient | ||||
| 4 | give | present | a kangaroo | birth | a tiny live baby | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent birth=Theme to baby=Recipient | |||
| 5 | grow | present | a tiny live baby | echidna's pouch | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:043-platypus-and-echidna.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/43-platypus-and-echidna/16/