The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp, sentence 12
The peacock mantis shrimp strikes with club-shaped limbs at about 80 km/h, using a spring-and-catch: muscles slowly load the spring, then the catch lets all that energy go at once, fast enough to smash snail shells and to crack aquarium glass in big ones.
Who acts: mantis shrimp, muscles, catch, energy · What happens: strike, use, load, let, go, smash · To what, where: energy, snail shells, aquarium glass
This is a sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mantis shrimp, muscles, catch, energy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 shrimp | det |
| 2 | peacock | peacock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 mantis | compound |
| 3 | mantis | mantis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shrimp | compound |
| 4 | shrimp | shrimp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 strikes | nsubj |
| 5 | strikes | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 limbs | case |
| 7 | club | club | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shaped | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 shaped | punct |
| 9 | shaped | shaped | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 limbs | amod |
| 10 | limbs | limb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 strikes | obl |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 km/h | case |
| 12 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 80 | advmod |
| 13 | 80 | 80 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 km/h | nummod |
| 14 | km/h | km/h | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 strikes | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 using | punct |
| 16 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 strikes | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 spring | det |
| 18 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 using | obj |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 fast | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 fast | cc |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 and | punct |
| 22 | catch | catch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 fast | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 26 load | punct |
| 24 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 load | nsubj |
| 25 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 26 load | advmod |
| 26 | load | load | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 catch | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 spring | det |
| 28 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 load | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 lets | punct |
| 30 | then | then | ADV | _ | 33 lets | advmod |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 catch | det |
| 32 | catch | catch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lets | nsubj |
| 33 | lets | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 load | conj |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 energy | det:predet |
| 35 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 energy | det |
| 36 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lets | obj |
| 37 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 lets | xcomp |
| 38 | at | at | ADP | _ | 39 once | case |
| 39 | once | once | ADV | _ | 37 go | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 catch | punct |
| 41 | fast | fast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 spring | acl:relcl |
| 42 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 44 smash | advmod |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 smash | mark |
| 44 | smash | smash | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 fast | advcl |
| 45 | snail | snail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 shells | compound |
| 46 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 smash | obj |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 crack | cc |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 crack | mark |
| 49 | crack | crack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 smash | conj |
| 50 | aquarium | aquarium | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 glass | compound |
| 51 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 crack | obj |
| 52 | in | in | ADP | _ | 54 ones | case |
| 53 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 ones | amod |
| 54 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 crack | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 strikes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | present | the mantis shrimp | with shaped limbs; at 80 km/h | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with limb=Instrument at km/h=Patient | ||||
| 2 | use | gerund | the mantis shrimp not said here | spring | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | load | present | muscles | spring | slowly property | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | let | present | the catch | all energy | then | tree rules | |||
| 5 | go | infinitive | all energy not said here | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at once=Location | |||||
| 6 | smash | to-infinitive | the mantis shrimp not said here | snail shells | enough property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme | |||
| 7 | crack | to-infinitive | the mantis shrimp not said here | aquarium glass | in big ones | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location glass=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/12/