The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp, sentence 5
An axolotl can regrow a whole lost leg with bones, muscles and nerves, and parts of its tail, spinal cord, heart and brain, without leaving a scar; doctors study it in the hope of helping people heal better one day.
Who acts: axolotl, doctors, hope, people · What happens: regrow, lose, leave, study, help, heal · To what, where: whole lost leg, scar, axolotl, hope, people
This is a sentence of the lesson «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (axolotl, doctors, hope, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 axolotl | det |
| 2 | axolotl | axolotl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 regrow | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 regrow | aux |
| 4 | regrow | regrow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 leg | det |
| 6 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 leg | amod |
| 7 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 leg | amod |
| 8 | leg | leg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 regrow | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 bones | case |
| 10 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 leg | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 muscles | punct |
| 12 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bones | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 nerves | cc |
| 14 | nerves | nerve | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bones | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 parts | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 parts | cc |
| 17 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 leg | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 tail | case |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 tail | nmod:poss |
| 20 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 parts | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 cord | punct |
| 22 | spinal | spinal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 cord | amod |
| 23 | cord | cord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 parts | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 heart | punct |
| 25 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 cord | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 brain | cc |
| 27 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 heart | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 cord | punct |
| 29 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 30 leaving | mark |
| 30 | leaving | leave | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 regrow | advcl |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 scar | det |
| 32 | scar | scar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 leaving | obj |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 study | punct |
| 34 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 study | nsubj |
| 35 | study | study | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 regrow | parataxis |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 study | obj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 hope | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 hope | det |
| 39 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 study | obl |
| 40 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 41 helping | mark |
| 41 | helping | help | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 hope | acl |
| 42 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 helping | obj |
| 43 | heal | heal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 helping | xcomp |
| 44 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 43 heal | advmod |
| 45 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 46 day | nummod |
| 46 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 heal | obl:unmarked |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 regrow | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | regrow | can | a axolotl | a whole lost leg and parts of axolotl's tail | with bones and muscles and nerves | tree rules | |||
| 2 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | leave | gerund | a axolotl not said here | a scar | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scar=Theme | ||||
| 4 | study | present | doctors | axolotl | the hope | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | |||
| 5 | help | gerund | the hope not said here | people | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 6 | heal | infinitive | people not said here | day | well property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:044-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/5/