More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe, sentence 7

The narwhal's tusk is a tooth, usually the left upper canine, that grows in a spiral through the upper lip up to about 3 metres long; mostly males have one, and it has millions of tiny nerve channels.

Who acts: tusk, left upper canine, males · What happens: be, grow up, have · To what, where: tooth, long, spiral, one, millions

This is a sentence of the lesson «More record-breakers and oddballs: sloth, narwhal, chameleon, electric eel, giraffe» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tusk, left upper canine, males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 narwhal	det
2	narwhal	narwhal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tusk	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 narwhal	case
4	tusk	tusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tooth	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 tooth	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 tooth	det
7	tooth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 canine	punct
9	usually	usually	ADV	_	13 canine	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 canine	det
11	left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 canine	amod
12	upper	upper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 canine	amod
13	canine	canine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tooth	appos
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 grows	punct
15	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 grows	nsubj
16	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 canine	acl:relcl
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 spiral	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 spiral	det
19	spiral	spiral	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 grows	obl
20	through	through	ADP	_	23 lip	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 lip	det
22	upper	upper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 lip	amod
23	lip	lip	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 grows	obl
24	up	up	ADP	_	16 grows	compound:prt
25	to	to	ADP	_	28 metres	case
26	about	about	ADV	_	27 3	advmod
27	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	28 metres	nummod
28	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 long	obl
29	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 grows	obl
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 have	punct
31	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	33 have	advmod
32	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 have	nsubj
33	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 grows	conj
34	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 have	obj
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 has	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 has	cc
37	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 has	nsubj
38	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 have	conj
39	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 has	obj
40	of	of	ADP	_	43 channels	case
41	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 channels	amod
42	nerve	nerve	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 channels	compound
43	channels	channel	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 millions	nmod
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 tooth	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the narwhal's tusk	a tooth			tree rules
2	grow up	present	the left upper canine	long	a spiral	through the upper lip	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in spiral=Location
3	have	present	males	one		mostly property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient
4	have	present	tusk	millions of tiny nerve channels			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:045-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/45-sloth-narwhal-chameleon-eel-giraffe/7/