Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters, sentence 2
Look at your cheese sandwich: the bread was wheat that grew in sunshine, the cheese came from milk from a cow that ate grass, so you are at the end of food chains too.
Who acts: you, bread, wheat, cheese, cow · What happens: look, be, grow, come, eat · To what, where: wheat, sunshine, milk, grass, end
This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, bread, wheat, cheese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Look | look | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 sandwich | case |
| 3 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 sandwich | nmod:poss |
| 4 | cheese | cheese | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sandwich | compound |
| 5 | sandwich | sandwich | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Look | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 wheat | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 bread | det |
| 8 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wheat | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 wheat | cop |
| 10 | wheat | wheat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sandwich | appos |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 grew | nsubj |
| 12 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 wheat | acl:relcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 sunshine | case |
| 14 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 grew | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 came | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 cheese | det |
| 17 | cheese | cheese | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 came | nsubj |
| 18 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 grew | conj |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 milk | case |
| 20 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 came | obl |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 cow | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 cow | det |
| 23 | cow | cow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 came | obl |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 ate | nsubj |
| 25 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 cow | acl:relcl |
| 26 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 ate | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 end | punct |
| 28 | so | so | ADV | _ | 33 end | advmod |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 end | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 end | cop |
| 31 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 end | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 end | det |
| 33 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Look | parataxis |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 chains | case |
| 35 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 chains | compound |
| 36 | chains | chain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 end | nmod |
| 37 | too | too | ADV | _ | 1 Look | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Look | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | imperative | you not said here | at your cheese sandwich | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at sandwich=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | the bread | wheat | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | grow | past | wheat | sunshine | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sunshine=Location | ||||
| 4 | come | past | the cheese | milk | from a cow | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from milk=Initial_Location from cow=Destination | |||
| 5 | eat | past | a cow | grass | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient | ||||
| 6 | is | present | you | at the end | of food chains | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:046-food-chains.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/46-food-chains/2/