Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird, sentence 8
A butterfly has four stages, egg, caterpillar, chrysalis and adult; peacock and red admiral butterflies lay eggs on nettles, the food their caterpillars eat, and a caterpillar moults about 4 or 5 times as it grows.
Who acts: butterfly, peacock, caterpillars, caterpillar · What happens: have, lay, eat, moult, grow · To what, where: four stages, eggs, nettles, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (butterfly, peacock, caterpillars, caterpillar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 butterfly | det |
| 2 | butterfly | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 stages | nummod |
| 5 | stages | stage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 has | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 egg | punct |
| 7 | egg | egg | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stages | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 caterpillar | punct |
| 9 | caterpillar | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stages | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 chrysalis | punct |
| 11 | chrysalis | chrysalis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stages | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 adult | cc |
| 13 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 chrysalis | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 peacock | punct |
| 15 | peacock | peacock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lay | nsubj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 butterflies | cc |
| 17 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 butterflies | amod |
| 18 | admiral | admiral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 butterflies | compound |
| 19 | butterflies | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 peacock | conj |
| 20 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 21 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 lay | obj |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 nettles | case |
| 23 | nettles | nettle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 lay | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 food | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 food | det |
| 26 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 nettles | appos |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 caterpillars | nmod:poss |
| 28 | caterpillars | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 eat | nsubj |
| 29 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 food | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 moults | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 moults | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 caterpillar | det |
| 33 | caterpillar | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 moults | nsubj |
| 34 | moults | moult | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 eat | conj |
| 35 | about | about | ADV | _ | 36 4 | advmod |
| 36 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 39 times | nummod |
| 37 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 5 | cc |
| 38 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 36 4 | conj |
| 39 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 moults | obl:unmarked |
| 40 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 42 grows | mark |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 grows | nsubj |
| 42 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 moults | advcl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a butterfly | four stages and egg and caterpillar and chrysalis and adult | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stage=Patient | ||||
| 2 | lay | present | peacock and red admiral butterflies | eggs | nettles | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme on nettle=Destination | |||
| 3 | eat | present | eggs's caterpillars | the food not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient | ||||
| 4 | moult | present | a caterpillar | time | vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | grow | present | caterpillar | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:048-life-cycles-metamorphosis.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/8/