Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird, sentence 7

About 12 to 16 weeks after the eggs were laid, tiny froglets leave the water; they take two or three years to become adult frogs and can also breathe through their damp skin.

Who acts: tiny froglets, eggs · What happens: lay, leave, take, become, breathe · To what, where: eggs, water, adult frogs, damp skin

This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles and metamorphosis: frog, butterfly, ladybird» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tiny froglets, eggs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	About	about	ADV	_	2 12	advmod
2	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 weeks	nummod
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 16	case
4	16	16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 12	nmod
5	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 laid	obl:unmarked
6	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 laid	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 eggs	det
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 laid	nsubj:pass
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 laid	aux:pass
10	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 leave	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 leave	punct
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 froglets	amod
13	froglets	froglet	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 leave	nsubj
14	leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 water	det
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 leave	obj
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 take	punct
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 take	nsubj
19	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 leave	parataxis
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 years	nummod
21	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 three	cc
22	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 two	conj
23	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 take	obj
24	to	to	PART	_	25 become	mark
25	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 take	advcl
26	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 frogs	amod
27	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 become	xcomp
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 breathe	cc
29	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	31 breathe	aux
30	also	also	ADV	_	31 breathe	advmod
31	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 take	conj
32	through	through	ADP	_	35 skin	case
33	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 skin	nmod:poss
34	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 skin	amod
35	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 breathe	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 leave	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	lay	past · passive		the eggs		week	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	leave	present	tiny froglets	the water			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme
3	take	present	eggs = egg			year	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	become	to-infinitive	eggs = egg not said here	adult frogs			vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
5	breathe	can	eggs = egg not said here		eggs's damp skin		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:048-life-cycles-metamorphosis.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/48-life-cycles-metamorphosis/7/