Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents, sentence 8

Cuckoos lay their eggs in other birds' nests; the cuckoo chick pushes the other eggs out, and its loud begging, which sounds like a whole nest of hungry chicks, makes the foster parents, such as reed warblers, feed a chick much bigger than themselves.

Who acts: Cuckoos, cuckoo chick, loud begging · What happens: lay, push, sound, make, feed · To what, where: eggs, nests, other eggs, foster parents, chick

This is a sentence of the lesson «Babies: eggs, live birth, pouches and parents» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cuckoos, cuckoo chick, loud begging), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cuckoos	cuckoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	nsubj
2	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 eggs	nmod:poss
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	9 nests	case
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 birds	amod
7	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 nests	nmod:poss
8	'	's	PART	_	7 birds	case
9	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	obl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 pushes	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 chick	det
12	cuckoo	cuckoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 chick	compound
13	chick	chick	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 pushes	nsubj
14	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	parataxis
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 eggs	det
16	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 eggs	amod
17	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 pushes	obj
18	out	out	ADV	_	14 pushes	advmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 makes	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 makes	cc
21	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 begging	nmod:poss
22	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 begging	amod
23	begging	begging	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 makes	nsubj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 sounds	punct
25	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	26 sounds	nsubj
26	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 begging	acl:relcl
27	like	like	ADP	_	30 nest	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 nest	det
29	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 nest	amod
30	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sounds	obl
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 chicks	case
32	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 chicks	amod
33	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 nest	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 begging	punct
35	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	conj
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 parents	det
37	foster	foster	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 parents	compound
38	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 makes	obj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 warblers	punct
40	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	43 warblers	case
41	as	as	ADP	_	40 such	fixed
42	reed	reed	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 warblers	compound
43	warblers	warbler	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 parents	nmod
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 feed	punct
45	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	parataxis
46	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	47 chick	det
47	chick	chick	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 feed	obj
48	much	much	ADV	_	49 bigger	advmod
49	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	47 chick	amod
50	than	than	ADP	_	51 themselves	case
51	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	49 bigger	obl
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lay	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	lay	present	Cuckoos	Cuckoos's eggs		other birds's nests		vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination
2	push	present	the cuckoo chick	the other eggs			out property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme
3	sound	present	chick's loud begging				like a whole nest of hungry chicks	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
4	make	present	chick's loud begging	the foster parents			such reed warblers	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset parent=Product
5	feed	present			a chick			vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chick=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:049-babies.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/49-babies/8/