The desert: living with little water, sentence 18

Deserts are defined by very little rain, not by heat, so they can drop below freezing at night, and Antarctica is the biggest desert on Earth.

Who acts: little rain, km, Antarctica · What happens: define, drop, be · To what, where: Deserts, freezing, biggest desert, Earth

This is a sentence of the lesson «The desert: living with little water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little rain, km, Antarctica), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deserts	desert	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 defined	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 defined	aux:pass
3	defined	define	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 rain	case
5	very	very	ADV	_	6 little	advmod
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rain	amod
7	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 defined	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 heat	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 heat	advmod
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 heat	case
11	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rain	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 drop	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 drop	advmod
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 drop	nsubj
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 drop	aux
16	drop	drop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 defined	conj
17	below	below	ADP	_	18 freezing	case
18	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 drop	obl
19	at	at	ADP	_	20 night	case
20	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 drop	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 desert	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 desert	cc
23	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 desert	nsubj
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 desert	cop
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 desert	det
26	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	27 desert	amod
27	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 defined	conj
28	on	on	ADP	_	29 Earth	case
29	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 desert	nmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 defined	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	define	present · passive	little rain and heat	Deserts			vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	drop	can	km		freezing	night	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme below freezing=Trajectory
3	is a	present	Antarctica	the biggest desert	Earth		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:005-the-desert.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/5-the-desert/18/