How animals talk, sentence 3
Cartoon animals chat in full sentences and every dog with a wagging tail is happy; real messages are simpler but cleverer, and a stiff, high, fast wag can mean a dog is tense, so ask the owner before you touch.
Who acts: Cartoon animals, dog, real messages, stiff high fast wag, you · What happens: chat, wag, be, mean, ask, touch · To what, where: full sentences, owner · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoon animals, dog, real messages, stiff high fast wag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 animals | compound |
| 2 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chat | nsubj |
| 3 | chat | chat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 sentences | case |
| 5 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 sentences | amod |
| 6 | sentences | sentence | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 chat | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 happy | cc |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 dog | det |
| 9 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 happy | nsubj |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 happy | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tail | det |
| 12 | wagging | wag | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 tail | amod |
| 13 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 dog | nmod |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 happy | cop |
| 15 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 chat | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 simpler | punct |
| 17 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 messages | amod |
| 18 | messages | message | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 simpler | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 simpler | cop |
| 20 | simpler | simple | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 chat | conj |
| 21 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 cleverer | cc |
| 22 | cleverer | clever | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 simpler | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 stiff | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 mean | cc |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 wag | det |
| 26 | stiff | stiff | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 wag | amod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 wag | punct |
| 28 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 wag | amod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 high | punct |
| 30 | fast | fast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 wag | amod |
| 31 | wag | wag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 mean | nsubj |
| 32 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 mean | aux |
| 33 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 simpler | conj |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 dog | det |
| 35 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 tense | nsubj |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 tense | cop |
| 37 | tense | tense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 mean | ccomp |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 ask | punct |
| 39 | so | so | ADV | _ | 40 ask | advmod |
| 40 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 chat | conj |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 owner | det |
| 42 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 ask | obj |
| 43 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 45 touch | mark |
| 44 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 45 touch | nsubj |
| 45 | touch | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 ask | advcl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chat | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chat speech: other | present | Cartoon animals | full sentences | vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | wag | gerund | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is | present | every dog a wagging tail | happy property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | present | real messages | simple property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | be | real messages not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | mean | can | a stiff high fast wag | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | a dog | tense property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | ask speech: ask | infinitive | Cartoon animals not said here | the owner | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient | ||||
| 9 | touch | present | you | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:050-how-animals-talk.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/3/