How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry, sentence 1

Camouflage means looking like the things around you: a stick insect looks like a twig, a polar bear looks like snow, a flounder looks like the sandy seabed, a tawny owl looks like bark.

Who acts: Camouflage, stick insect, polar bear, flounder, tawny owl · What happens: mean, look

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Camouflage, stick insect, polar bear, flounder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Camouflage	camouflage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	looking	look	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 means	xcomp
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 things	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 things	det
6	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 looking	obl
7	around	around	ADP	_	8 you	case
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 things	nmod
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 looks	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 insect	det
11	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 insect	compound
12	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 looks	nsubj
13	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	parataxis
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 twig	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 twig	det
16	twig	twig	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 looks	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 looks	punct
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 bear	det
19	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 bear	amod
20	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 looks	nsubj
21	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	conj
22	like	like	ADP	_	23 snow	case
23	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 looks	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 looks	punct
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 flounder	det
26	flounder	flounder	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 looks	nsubj
27	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 looks	conj
28	like	like	ADP	_	31 seabed	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 seabed	det
30	sandy	sandy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 seabed	amod
31	seabed	seabed	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 looks	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 looks	punct
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 owl	det
34	tawny	tawny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 owl	amod
35	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 looks	nsubj
36	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 looks	conj
37	like	like	ADP	_	38 bark	case
38	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 looks	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Camouflage		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	look not said to happen	gerund	Camouflage not said here	like the things around you	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	look	present	a stick insect	like a twig	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
4	look	present	a polar bear	like snow	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
5	look	present	a flounder	like the sandy seabed	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
6	look	present	a tawny owl	like bark	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:051-how-animals-hide.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/51-how-animals-hide/1/